The atmosphere is divided into several layers:
 The troposphere reaches an upper (tropopause) located 9 km in height at the poles and 18 km in Ecuador. It will produce significant vertical and horizontal movements of air masses (wind) and relative abundance of water there. This is the area of clouds and weather phenomena: rain, wind, temperature changes, ... and the layer of most interest to ecology. The temperature decreases as it rises, until reaching -70 ° C at its upper limit.
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 The outer layer of the Earth is gaseous, of very different composition and density of solid and liquid layers beneath it. But it is the area in which life develops, and also is of vital importance in the processes of erosion are those that have shaped the current landscape.
The changes that occur on the atmosphere contribute decisively in the processes of formation and sustenance of living organisms and determine the climate.
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What has happened, at least once can happen again. And it will happen. The movement of the plates forming the Earth's crust sliding on a viscous layer, under severe stress, can not stop.
Why do not notice? Well, it's a very slow movement, or our vision very quickly. But continental drift is unstoppable, as is the departure overseas of new materials in the ocean ridges and sinking in subsection zones.
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He named the phenomenon whereby the plates underlying the continents move over millions of years of geological history of Earth.
This movement is due to the continued sale of the mantle material below the oceanic crust and creating a force that pushes the areas occupied by the continents (continental plates) and, consequently, makes them change positions.
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The plates of Earth's crust
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 The Earth's surface, the lithosphere, is divided into plates that move at a rate of about 2 to 20 cm per year, driven by convection currents that occur under it, in the asthenosphere.
There are seven large plates as well as other major smaller secondary. Some are purely oceanic plates, such as the Nazca, the Pacific ocean floor. Further, most, including continental crust that stands in sea level forming a continent.
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